Mount Tendurek

Tendürek is a shield volcano located in the Ağrı and Van provinces of eastern Turkey, close to the borders with Iran. The elongated volcano rises 1,800 m above the Doğubeyazıt plain, south of Mount Ararat. Two main cones with a crater each and several minor lateral cones form the edifice. The edifice dates 700,000–500,000 years BP to 13,000 BP and is mostly constructed from basaltic lavas, with some pyroclastics and trachytic/trachyandesitic lavas. It has a volume of more than 300 km3 and covers a surface area of about 650 km2. Pyroclastic cones with basaltic lava flows on the eastern side of the mountain are around 2,500 years old. The last known eruption may have been a gas and ash eruption in 1855, and hydrothermal systems exist on the volcano. Since 1993, the volcano has been subsiding in a ring fault. The Armenian name for the mountain was Tondrak. The medieval Armenian Tondrakians, a religious movement of the 950s, is named after this area.