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Giza Essentials

Giza’s landscape spans millennia of Egyptian history, anchored by the Great Pyramids and the limestone Great Sphinx. Beyond the Giza Plateau, this collection includes the archaeological complex of Saqqara, home to Djoser’s 27th-century BC step pyramid and the detailed funerary art of the Mastaba of Ti. Further south, the Red Pyramid at Dahshur showcases the evolution of smooth-sided construction, while the ruins of Memphis mark the Old Kingdom’s former capital. The list also features Wadi Al-Hitan, a desert valley preserving fossilized remains of prehistoric whales.

Giza Essentials — מפה

Warren LeMay from Chicago, IL, United… / cc0

A

Great Pyramid of Giza

Largest pyramid of the ancient world and the oldest of the Seven Wonders. Built around 2560 BC as a tomb, this structure remained the world's tallest man-made construction for more than 3,700 years.

B

Giza Necropolis

The Giza pyramid complex in Egypt is home to the Great Pyramid, the Pyramid of Khafre, and the Pyramid of Menkaure, along with their…

C

Great Sphinx of Giza

The Great Sphinx of Giza is a limestone statue of a reclining sphinx, a mythical creature with the head of a human, and the body of a lion.

D

Pyramid of Khafre

Seemingly higher than Khufu, this pyramid is easily recognisable by its limestone cap.

E

Pyramid of Menkaure

Menkaure is known as the smallest pyramid in Giza and is built from white limestone and red granite.

F

Pyramid of Djoser

Pyramid of Djoser is believed to be the very first pyramid built in Egypt, dating back to the 27th century BC.

G

Memphis and its Necropolis

Located roughly 19 km from the city of Cairo, this area is full of remains of what once used to be the capital of the Old Kingdom and a…

H

Red Pyramid

The Red Pyramid, also called the North Pyramid, is the largest of the pyramids located at the Dahshur necropolis in Cairo, Egypt.

I

Mastaba of Ti

A prime example of outstanding funerary architecture. Its grand design and rich decorations are difficult to compare.

J

Pyramid of Unas

The pyramid of Unas is a smooth-sided pyramid built in the 24th century BC for the Egyptian pharaoh Unas, the ninth and final king of the…

K

Pyramid of Teti I

The pyramid of Teti is a smooth-sided pyramid situated in the pyramid field at Saqqara in Egypt.

L

Wadi Al-Hitan (Whale Valley)

Wādī al-Ḥītān is a paleontological site in the Faiyum Governorate of Egypt, some 150 kilometres south-west of Cairo.

M

Imhotep Museum

This museum provides an insight into the excavations of Saqqara as it displays properly commented findings.

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