Баия

Регион · 🇧🇷 Бразилия

Население 14 141 626

Площадь 571 337 km²

Часовой пояс America/Bahia

Официальный сайт www.ba.gov.br

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Bahia Essentials

Bahia showcases Brazil's colonial history and Afro-Brazilian culture. Salvador’s Pelourinho district features UNESCO-listed Portuguese architecture and the gold-laden São Francisco Church. The city is connected by the Art Deco Elevador Lacerda, linking the historic upper town with the Mercado Modelo. Beyond the capital, the state offers the sea turtle conservation center of Projeto Tamar in Praia do Forte, the crystalline waters of Poço Encantado in Chapada Diamantina, and the secluded, reef-protected shores of Praia do Espelho.

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Sitenl / Public domain

Hidden Gems of Salvador

Salvador’s landscape is defined by its colonial architecture and deep Afro-Brazilian roots. This collection features the 17th-century Barra Lighthouse, the Art Deco Elevador Lacerda connecting the Upper and Lower cities, and the historic Mercado Modelo. Religious landmarks include the Igreja do Bonfim, famous for its iconic ribbons, and the 18th-century Rosário dos Pretos. Cultural institutions like the Afro-Brazilian Museum and the Jorge Amado House preserve the region's literary and social history, while coastal forts like São Marcelo and Santa Maria highlight the city's strategic maritime past.

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Luan / GFDL

Best Beaches and Coastal Sights

Bahia's coastline features a diverse range of maritime sites, from the 17th-century circular São Marcelo Fort in Salvador's harbor to the remote, car-free village of Caraíva. This selection includes the historic Coroa Vermelha, site of Brazil's first mass in 1500, and the cliff-backed shores of Arraial d'Ajuda. Visitors can explore natural pools formed by offshore reefs at Praia do Espelho and Guarajuba, or visit urban beaches like Porto da Barra, situated near Salvador’s historic fortifications.

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Bob Jones / CC BY-SA 2.0

Museums and Galleries

Salvador’s cultural landscape is anchored by institutions like the Afro-Brazilian Museum, detailing the city's deep African roots, and the Museum of Sacred Arts, housed in a 17th-century Carmelite cloister. Art enthusiasts can explore the Museum of Modern Art overlooking All Saints Bay or the Rodin Bahia Arts Palace. Literary history is preserved at the former homes of Jorge Amado, while the Barra Lighthouse and Nautic Museum offer maritime history inside one of Brazil’s oldest military structures.

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Fotos Gov/Ba / CC BY 2.0

Cultural Heritage of Salvador

Salvador’s cultural heritage is defined by its Portuguese colonial architecture and strategic coastal defenses. The UNESCO-listed Historic Centre, or Pelourinho, contains the highest concentration of 17th and 18th-century buildings in the Americas. Defensive structures like the circular São Marcelo Fort and the lighthouse-topped Santo Antônio da Barra Fort illustrate the city’s military history. Religious and civic life centers on the Terreiro de Jesus square, while monuments like the tribute to poet Castro Alves mark significant milestones in Brazilian social history.

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[2] / CC BY 2.0

Historic Churches of Bahia

Bahia’s religious heritage spans centuries of colonial history and cultural syncretism. This collection features the São Francisco Church, renowned for its intricate gold-leaf woodwork, and the Cathedral Basilica, a prime example of Jesuit Mannerist architecture. The list includes the unique cave sanctuary of Bom Jesus da Lapa, carved into a limestone outcrop along the São Francisco River. In Salvador, the Igreja do Bonfim serves as a center for Afro-Brazilian devotion, while the Church of the Rosary of the Black People highlights the legacy of the city's enslaved African population.

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Antônio Júnior / CC-BY-SA-3.0

Markets and Shopping

Bahia's retail landscape spans from the historic Mercado Modelo near the Lacerda Elevator to the sprawling open-air Feira de São Joaquim, the state's largest traditional market. In Salvador's Rio Vermelho district, the modernized Ceasinha offers regional gourmet products and fresh seafood. Further along the coast, Arraial d'Ajuda's Beco das Cores provides a hub for boutique shopping, while Shopping Guarajuba serves as a central commercial point for the northern beach region.

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Leonardobatista / CC BY-SA 3.0

Natural Wonders of Bahia

Bahia's natural landscape spans from the arid interior to the Atlantic coast. This collection highlights the Chapada Diamantina’s highlands, including the 1,858-meter Pico das Almas and the diamond-mining history of Cachoeira do Mosquito. Coastal conservation is represented by the Projeto Tamar turtle sanctuary, while the interior features the massive Sobradinho Reservoir on the São Francisco River. The list also encompasses the Atlantic Forest remnants of Descobrimento National Park and the historic landmark of Monte Pascoal, the first land sighted by Portuguese explorers in 1500.

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