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Historic Fortifications

Razavi Khorasan’s landscape is defined by centuries of military and commercial history along the Silk Road. This collection features the 12th-century Khosrogerd Minaret and the intricate brickwork of the Seljuk-era Robat Sharaf caravanserai. It includes Timurid and Qajar fortifications, such as the Fakhr-e Davud Caravanserai and the citadel of Arg e Aq Qalea, alongside the Arghun Shah Tower and Naderi inscription, which once guarded the natural mountain fortress of Kalat.

Historic Fortifications — خريطة

Sanchooli / CC-BY-SA-3.0

A

Khosrogerd minaret

Khosrogerd Minaret is a 12th-century tower located 10 kilometres to the west of Sabzevar, Iran, and is all that remains of the Silk Road…

PersianDutchNetwork / CC BY-SA 3.0

B

Fakhr-e Davud Caravanserai

Timurid-era roadside inn located in Mashhad County. It served as a strategic stop for travelers and merchants on the historical trade routes.

C

Qlh khnh zfranyh

Qajar-era historical castle located in Sabzevar County. The site contains the remains of mud-brick fortifications and residential structures typical of 19th-century regional defense.

D

Rbat shrf

12th-century Seljuk caravanserai renowned for its sophisticated brickwork and stucco ornamentation. It features a rare double-courtyard plan and served as a major station on the road between Merv and Nishapur.

E

Arg e Aq Qalea

Ilkhanid-era citadel located in Jowayin. This mud-brick fortress showcases defensive architecture from the 13th and 14th centuries, featuring high walls and circular corner towers.

F

Arghun tower

Historical entrance tower guarding the narrow Darband pass into the Kalat-e Naderi plateau. The structure dates back to the Ilkhanid or Timurid periods and served as a critical defensive checkpoint.

G

Naderi inscription

An 18th-century rock-carved inscription located at the entrance of Kalat. Written in Turkish and Persian, the 24-line poem praises the victories and reign of Nader Shah Afshar.

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