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Paris

City ·🇫🇷 France

Paris is France's capital and one of the most visited cities in the world. It rewards visitors with grand boulevards and celebrated art museums. The center is compact and easy to explore on foot or by metro.

The city suits almost any kind of trip. A first visit can cover the highlights, while a slower trip can focus on museums, food, or walking along the Seine. Painters like Claude Monet and writers like Ernest Hemingway found inspiration here, and that creative pull still shapes the city's cafes, galleries, and bookshops today.

Paris

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When to visit

Spring and autumn are mild, summer is warm with occasional storms, and winter is cold but rarely freezing.

Plan around Bastille Day on July 14 if you can. The national holiday brings a military parade down Champs Élysées and a fireworks show at Eiffel Tower that evening.

Best time to visit Paris: June, July, August, September

Select a month

Typical weather in January

Poor
  • 7° (feels like 3°) · extremes -6°–13°
  • 2° at night
  • 13 rainy days
  • 3 sunny days
  • Dry air
  • Light breeze

Typical weather in February

Poor
  • 8° (feels like 4°) · extremes -5°–14°
  • 1° at night
  • 10 rainy days
  • 6 sunny days
  • Dry air
  • Light breeze

Typical weather in March

Poor
  • 12° (feels like 8°) · extremes -2°–17°
  • 3° at night
  • 14 rainy days
  • 4 sunny days
  • Dry air
  • Light breeze

Typical weather in April

Fair
  • 15° (feels like 12°) · extremes 1°–21°
  • 6° at night
  • 13 rainy days
  • 4 sunny days
  • Dry air
  • Light breeze

Typical weather in May

Good
  • 18° (feels like 17°) · extremes 5°–25°
  • 9° at night
  • 13 rainy days
  • 5 sunny days
  • Dry air
  • Light breeze

Typical weather in June

Great
  • 22° · extremes 8°–28°
  • 13° at night
  • 11 rainy days
  • 7 sunny days
  • Dry air
  • Calm winds

Typical weather in July

Great
  • 24° · extremes 11°–30°
  • 14° at night
  • 9 rainy days
  • 8 sunny days
  • Comfortable humidity
  • Calm winds

Typical weather in August

Great
  • 24° (feels like 25°) · extremes 11°–31°
  • 15° at night
  • 7 rainy days
  • 10 sunny days
  • Comfortable humidity
  • Calm winds

Typical weather in September

Great
  • 22° · extremes 8°–29°
  • 13° at night
  • 8 rainy days
  • 9 sunny days
  • Dry air
  • Calm winds

Typical weather in October

Good
  • 16° (feels like 14°) · extremes 3°–23°
  • 9° at night
  • 10 rainy days
  • 5 sunny days
  • Dry air
  • Light breeze

Typical weather in November

Poor
  • 11° (feels like 7°) · extremes -2°–16°
  • 5° at night
  • 13 rainy days
  • 4 sunny days
  • Dry air
  • Light breeze

Typical weather in December

Poor
  • 7° (feels like 3°) · extremes -7°–13°
  • 2° at night
  • 12 rainy days
  • 4 sunny days
  • Dry air
  • Light breeze

Climate data: Open-Meteo Climate API (EC_Earth3P_HR) · 1991–2020

July and August are the warmest months and also the busiest. Late spring and September offer similar sunshine with smaller crowds.

Top sights

Eiffel Tower is the city's defining landmark, built for the 1889 World's Fair. Climb to the top for rooftop views, or see it sparkle after dark on the hour.

Louvre Museum holds thousands of years of art and artifacts, including the Mona Lisa. Book a timed entry online to skip the longest queues.

Notre-Dame Cathedral anchors the Île de la Cité and reopened in 2024 after a five-year restoration following the 2019 fire. Its Gothic towers and rose windows are worth the visit alone.

Orsay Museum fills a former railway station with Impressionist and Post-Impressionist masterpieces by Monet, Degas, and Van Gogh.

Arc de Triomphe honors France's war dead and offers one of the best panoramas in the city from its rooftop terrace, at the top of Champs Élysées.

Sacré-Cœur Basilica sits atop Montmartre hill, the city's old artists' quarter. The white domes and the steep streets around them make for one of the best sunset views in Paris.

Opéra Garnier is Paris's opulent 19th-century opera house, with a marble grand staircase and a ceiling painted by Marc Chagall. Tours run most days when there's no performance.

Sainte-Chapelle is a small Gothic chapel with some of the most complete stained glass to survive from the Middle Ages.

Explore Paris

Paris Essentials

Paris Essentials

Paris is defined by its architectural evolution, from the 13th-century Gothic stained glass of Sainte-Chapelle to the high-tech design of the Centre Pompidou. This collection spans the city's most significant landmarks, including the 330-meter Eiffel Tower, the monumental Arc de Triomphe, and the historic Louvre Palace. Beyond grand boulevards like the Champs-Élysées, the list covers the medieval streets of Le Marais, the Impressionist collections housed in the former Orsay train station, and the vast underground ossuary of the Catacombs.

13 places
Editor's Choice

Editor's Choice

This collection highlights diverse Parisian landmarks, from the modern 210-meter Montparnasse Tower and its 56th-floor observation deck to the 19th-century neo-gothic Sainte-Clotilde Basilica with its distinctive twin spires. Visitors can explore surrealist sculptures and engravings at Espace Dalí or engage with science exhibits at the Palais de la Découverte within the Grand Palais. For panoramic cityscapes, the list includes both the high-altitude views from Montparnasse and the terraced gardens of Belleville Park, situated on a 108-meter hill.

5 places
Parisian Hidden Gems

Parisian Hidden Gems

This selection highlights lesser-known Paris sites with distinct histories and features: the Canal Saint-Martin with its locks and iron footbridges; the elevated Coulée verte René-Dumont built on a former railway viaduct; the vast Bois de Boulogne with its lakes and English-style landscape; 19th-century covered Passage Brady; the cliff-top Temple de la Sybille on Île du Belvédère; Jean Nouvel’s Fondation Cartier for contemporary exhibitions; and small specialist museums and gardens showcasing sculpture and Asian plant collections.

8 places
Iconic Cafes and Bars

Iconic Cafes and Bars

This selection spans centuries of Parisian social history, from the Belle Époque elegance of Angelina and Café de la Paix to the bohemian spirit of Montmartre's La Maison Rose and Au Lapin Agile. It includes cinematic landmarks like the Café des Deux Moulins, historic cocktail institutions like Harry’s New York Bar, and innovative modern spaces such as Fluctuart, a floating urban art gallery and bar on the Seine.

12 places
Historic Churches and Religious Sites

Historic Churches and Religious Sites

Paris’s religious landscape spans over a millennium of architectural evolution. This selection features iconic Gothic masterpieces like Notre-Dame and the stained-glass-filled Sainte-Chapelle, alongside the Romano-Byzantine Sacré-Cœur and the Neoclassical Pantheon. Beyond major basilicas, the list includes the 7th-century Saint-Germain l'Auxerrois, the Art Nouveau Saint-Jean-de-Montmartre, and the Grand Synagogue of Paris. These sites serve as active places of worship, national monuments, and final resting places for France's most influential historical figures, showcasing the city's diverse spiritual and artistic heritage.

18 places
Historic Sites & Monuments

Historic Sites & Monuments

This collection traces the architectural and political evolution of Paris through its most significant landmarks. It encompasses medieval Gothic masterpieces like Notre-Dame and Sainte-Chapelle, the royal fortifications of Vincennes Castle, and the 17th-century elegance of Vosges Square. The selection highlights the city's transformation across eras, from the revolutionary history of the Conciergerie and the Napoleonic grandeur of the Arc de Triomphe to industrial-age icons like the Eiffel Tower and the ornate Art Nouveau design of the Pont Alexandre III.

15 places
Iconic Paris Landmarks

Iconic Paris Landmarks

This collection spans centuries of Parisian history, from the medieval Gothic architecture of Notre-Dame and the Saint-Jacques Tower to the 19th-century ironwork of the Eiffel Tower. It features monumental arches like the Arc de Triomphe and historic river crossings such as the 16th-century Pont Neuf and the ornate Art Nouveau Pont Alexandre III. Significant public squares, including Place de la Concorde with its ancient Luxor Obelisk and the luxury-focused Place Vendôme, showcase neoclassical and baroque urban planning alongside military monuments like Les Invalides.

18 places
Art and Museums of Paris

Art and Museums of Paris

Paris's artistic landscape spans centuries, from the Gothic stained glass of Sainte-Chapelle and Notre-Dame to the contemporary Pinault Collection at the Bourse de Commerce. The city features world-renowned institutions like the Louvre, set in a historic palace, and the Musée d'Orsay, housed in a converted Beaux-Arts train station. Specialized collections range from Monet’s Water Lilies at the Orangerie and Rodin’s sculptures to Asian antiquities at the Musée Guimet and modern masterworks within the high-tech Centre Pompidou and Frank Gehry-designed Louis Vuitton Foundation.

18 places
Parks and Gardens of Paris

Parks and Gardens of Paris

Paris features a diverse collection of green spaces, from formal 17th-century royal layouts like the Tuileries and Luxembourg Gardens to the expansive English-style woodlands of the Bois de Boulogne and Bois de Vincennes. This selection includes historic squares such as the neoclassical Place de la Concorde and the symmetrical Place des Vosges. Notable highlights include the artificial cliffs and lake of Buttes-Chaumont, the vertical garden at Oasis of Aboukir, and the contemporary cultural complexes within Parc de la Villette.

20 places
Iconic Paris Restaurants

Iconic Paris Restaurants

Paris’s culinary landscape is defined by its historic institutions. This list features Belle Époque landmarks like Le Train Bleu and Brasserie Bofinger, alongside cinematic spots like Café des Deux Moulins. From the Art Nouveau interiors of Bouillon Chartier to the medieval setting of Au Vieux Paris d’Arcole, these establishments offer a window into the city's artistic and social history, including legendary haunts of Impressionist painters and modern glass-domed fusion spots overlooking the Seine.

20 places
Best Shopping and Markets

Best Shopping and Markets

Paris offers a diverse retail landscape ranging from the Belle Époque architecture of Galeries Lafayette and La Samaritaine to historic 19th-century covered passages like Passage des Panoramas. This collection includes specialized food hubs such as the 18th-century Stohrer bakery and open-air markets like Marché Bastille and the organic Marché des Batignolles. Explore the artisanal boutiques of Le Marais, the flower market on Île de la Cité, and the artist-filled Place du Tertre for a comprehensive overview of Parisian commerce.

19 places
Theatres and Cinemas

Theatres and Cinemas

Paris offers a diverse array of performance venues, ranging from the ornate 19th-century Beaux-Arts architecture of the Palais Garnier to the sleek, modern design of the Opéra Bastille and the Philharmonie de Paris. Film enthusiasts can explore the Art Deco grandeur of the Grand Rex or the extensive archives at the Cinémathèque Française. The collection also includes historic stages like the Théâtre du Châtelet and the avant-garde Théâtre du Soleil, alongside unique structures like the mirror-finished geodesic dome of La Géode cinema.

20 places
Sports & Iconic Venues

Sports & Iconic Venues

Paris features a diverse range of athletic facilities, from the Art Deco architecture of Piscine Pailleron to the floating Joséphine Baker pool on the Seine. The city's Olympic history is represented by the Piscine des Tourelles, used in the 1924 Games, while modern venues include the Accor Arena and the elite INSEP training center. These sites span historic racecourses like Longchamp and heritage-listed gymnasiums, serving as both professional arenas and community hubs for swimming and indoor sports.

10 places

What to experience

Paris offers plenty of things to do beyond its landmarks.

  • Take a sunset boat trip on the Seine, when the bridges and riverside buildings light up.
  • Browse the secondhand book stalls (bouquinistes) that line the riverbanks near Notre-Dame Cathedral and the Latin Quarter.
  • Join the grape harvest festival at the Montmartre Vineyards each October, one of the last working vineyards inside a major city.
  • Catch a free concert on June 21 during the Fête de la Musique, when bands and DJs perform across the city.

Tours & Activities

Map of Paris

Day trips

Paris sits within easy reach of royal palaces, wine country, and historic towns. Here are the best options for a day out and back.

  • Versailles — ≈40 min by RER C. The former royal palace and its gardens are the single most popular day trip from Paris; arrive early or book a timed entry to beat the queues.
  • Fontainebleau — ≈40 min by train. A former royal château set beside a large forest good for walking or climbing on sandstone boulders.
  • Reims and Épernay (Champagne) — ≈45 min to 1.5 h by train. Tour a Champagne house and its cellars in the region that gives the drink its name.
  • Giverny — ≈1 h by train plus a short bus or taxi ride. Claude Monet's house and water-lily garden inspired many of his best-known paintings.
  • Chartres — ≈1 h 15 min by train. A medieval cathedral town famous for its stained glass, one more Gothic landmark within easy reach of Paris.

Getting there

  • By air: Most international flights use Charles de Gaulle Airport (CDG), 25 km northeast of the center; the RER B train reaches the city in about 50 minutes for around 14 €. Orly Airport (ORY), 13 km south, handles mostly domestic and European flights, reached via the Orlyval shuttle plus RER B in about 30 minutes total. Some budget airlines fly into Beauvais Airport, over an hour away by coach.
  • By train: High-speed TGV trains connect Paris to most major French cities, and Eurostar trains link it to London, Brussels, and Amsterdam. Book tickets via SNCF Connect. Paris has several main stations on different sides of the city, including Gare du Nord, Gare de Lyon, and Gare Montparnasse — check which one your ticket uses before you travel.
  • By bus: Long-distance coaches, including international routes, arrive at the Bercy Seine coach station in the south east of the city.

Getting around

  • Public transit: The Métro, RER, bus, and tram network covers the whole city and suburbs. Buy a reusable Navigo Easy card or single tickets through the app; contactless bank-card payment is being rolled out on buses but doesn't yet work at metro turnstiles. Île-de-France Mobilités covers journey planning and fares.
  • Taxi / ride-hailing: Uber and G7 taxis both operate widely and are easy to book through their apps.
  • On foot / cycling: The center is compact and flat, so walking between sights is easy. The Vélib' bike-share system and a growing network of bike lanes make cycling practical, though traffic on major boulevards can feel intense.

Driving

  • Is a car worth it?: No. Traffic, one-way streets, and scarce parking make driving in central Paris more trouble than it's worth, and the metro and RER cover the city and its day trips well. A car only helps for exploring the wider countryside at your own pace.
  • Parking: Street parking is metered and paid through apps like PayByPhone or Flowbird, or at the machines nearby; a car park close to your hotel is usually the easier choice.
  • Restrictions: Paris has a low-emission zone (ZFE) that requires a Crit'Air sticker on any vehicle, including rentals, driven within the ring road (boulevard périphérique).

Food & drink

Paris food ranges from a quick bakery lunch to a multi-hour tasting menu, and both are worth trying.

Look for a fresh baguette and pastries from any neighborhood boulangerie, and try a proper French bistro for classics like steak-frites or duck confit. For something special, head to Le Marais, where Jewish delis, falafel counters, and trendy bistros sit side by side, or graze the stalls of Rue Mouffetard Market, one of the city's oldest market streets.

Breakfast
CroissantButtery, flaky laminated pastry and a classic French breakfast staple.
Lunch
RatatouilleA Provençal stewed vegetable dish of eggplant, zucchini, peppers, and tomatoes.
Dinner
Coq au VinChicken braised slowly in red wine with mushrooms, onions, and lardons.
Beef Bourguignon  Bœuf BourguignonBeef stewed in red Burgundy wine with carrots, onions, and mushrooms.
Escargot  Escargots de BourgogneSnails cooked in garlic and parsley butter, a classic starter.
Snacks & street food
BaguetteLong, crusty white bread loaf bought fresh daily from the local boulangerie.
Cheese  FromageFrance produces hundreds of cheese varieties, often served as a course before dessert.
Sweets & desserts
Crepes  CrêpesThin pancakes served sweet with sugar or jam, or savory as galettes.
MacaronsDelicate almond meringue sandwich cookies in a range of flavors and colors.
Drinks
Wine  VinFrance's wine regions, including Bordeaux, Burgundy, and Champagne, are among the world's most renowned.

Safety & health

Paris is generally safe for tourists, and violent crime against visitors is rare. The main risks are petty theft and scams.

Watch for pickpockets on the metro, at major sights, and around Eiffel Tower and Sacré-Cœur Basilica, especially in dense crowds. Politely decline "petitions," friendship bracelets, or "found ring" approaches near tourist landmarks — they are set-ups for a scam or a demand for money. Keep bags zipped and in front of you on crowded trains.

History

Paris grew from a small settlement on the Île de la Cité, the island where Notre-Dame Cathedral now stands, over two thousand years ago. It became the seat of French kings by the Middle Ages.

The French Revolution began here in 1789. Conciergerie held Queen Marie Antoinette and other prisoners before their executions nearby. In the 1850s and 1860s, Baron Haussmann demolished much of the medieval city to build the wide boulevards and uniform stone buildings that still define Paris today. Pantheon, built as a church, now serves as a mausoleum for the nation's most honored figures, including Marie Curie and Victor Hugo.

Country facts

Quick practical facts for France at a glance:

Currency
Euro EUR € · Card payments · Widely accepted
Emergency numbers
112
Electricity
Type C / Type E
230 V · 50 Hz
Languages
French
Tap water
Safe to drink
Driving side
Right
Calling code
+33
Learn more about France
Eiffel Tower
Drive
Louvre Museum
Walk
Notre-Dame Cathedral

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